The submarine sandwich is a beloved staple across the United States, but not all subs are created equal. Depending on where you are in the country, the way your sub is built, the ingredients used, and even the type of bread can vary widely. These regional differences reflect local tastes, cultural influences, and culinary traditions, making the submarine sandwich a fascinating lens through which to explore American food culture. Let’s take a virtual tour of some distinct regional variations and what makes each one special.
The Classic Italian Sub of the Northeast
When most people think of the quintessential submarine sandwich, they picture the Italian sub from the Northeast, particularly around New York, New Jersey, and Philadelphia. This sub typically features a crusty white roll, piled high with an assortment of Italian cold cuts like salami, capicola, mortadella, and provolone cheese. The sandwich is dressed with shredded lettuce, sliced tomatoes, onions, and often pepperoncini or hot peppers for a touch of heat. A generous drizzle of olive oil, red wine vinegar, and a sprinkle of oregano complete the flavor profile, balancing savory, tangy, and spicy notes. The bread here is key: a sturdy but airy roll that holds up to the abundant fillings without becoming soggy.
The Southern Po’ Boy Influence on Submarine Sandwiches
Down South, especially in Louisiana, the sub sandwich takes on the form of the po’ boy—a close relative with distinct ingredients and style. While technically different in name, many local sandwich shops serve versions of the po’ boy that are essentially subs with Southern flair. The classic shrimp or fried oyster po’ boy is served on a French loaf with a crisp crust and fluffy interior. It’s dressed simply with lettuce, tomato, and mayonnaise, letting the fried seafood shine. Some delis might use the po’ boy style bread and dressing methods but substitute in various deli meats, creating a unique Southern take on the submarine sandwich.
The Midwest’s Heartier, Meat-Packed Subs
In the Midwest, the submarine sandwich often reflects the region’s appreciation for generously filled, satisfying meals. Cities like Chicago and Detroit have sub scenes known for robust sandwiches with thick layers of meats like turkey, roast beef, ham, and even Italian sausage. Additions such as giardiniera—a spicy pickled vegetable mix—are common in Chicago and lend a zesty crunch that cuts through the richness. The rolls used are usually soft yet substantial enough to hold the hefty filling. Midwest subs also tend to emphasize pickles and mustard as key sandwich condiments, giving them a tangy edge.
The West Coast’s Fresh and Flavorful Twist
Along the West Coast, especially in California, submarine sandwiches often embrace fresher, lighter aesthetics driven by the region’s health-conscious and diverse culinary influences. Subs here may feature artisan breads like sourdough or multigrain, and fillings often include avocado, sprouts, and other fresh vegetables alongside traditional deli meats or grilled chicken. The sauces tend to be lighter, incorporating options such as hummus, aioli, or vinaigrettes instead of heavy mayonnaise. This variation tends to be less about sheer quantity of filling and more about balanced, bright flavors and wholesome ingredients.
How These Regional Styles Influence Your Own Submarine Sandwich
Understanding these regional flavors and styles can inspire your own submarine sandwich creations at home. Whether you want to recreate a classic Italian sub with the right balance of meats and dressings or experiment with spicy pickled toppings from the Midwest, knowing the origin stories behind these ingredients helps you appreciate the sandwich beyond just its taste. You might even try blending approaches—like using hearty Midwest meats with the West Coast’s fresh veggie toppings—to create a personalized sub that satisfies multiple cravings.
Ultimately, the submarine sandwich is a versatile canvas that has been adapted and celebrated differently across the U.S. By exploring these regional variations, you’ll get a deeper appreciation for the cultural richness packed into every sub and maybe find a new favorite style to enjoy the next time you’re craving one.